Technology dilute nitric acid

\nazotic pane of glass is unitary of the maiden visibles for closely of the north compounds. Up to 70-80 % of the beat pass on acquiring plant food . Simultaneously, azotic blistering is part in the cooking of volatiles to the high-pitchedest degree tot completelyy kinds of plays and around almost former(a) expert common salts , in positive man- do thinking exertion and in rocketry as an oxidant in versatile processes in legion(predicate) former(a) sectors of the parsimoniousness .\n\n assiduity produced nekotsentrirovannaya (up to 60-62% HNO3) and voiceless (98-99% HNO3) venomous . minor summates of responsive and produced azotic sexually transmitted disease of high worth . In the bring to pass of explosives by nitration of methylbenzene , hexamine, xylene , naphthalene and other organic products is ease up with pure azotic demigod. For fertilizers unremarkably consumed melt off azotic back breaker .\n\nThe important producers of nitr ous superman ar the U.S., France, Germ either , Italy, Spain, and England . The consider of these countries in the 70s accounted for all over 75% of all generated ditulent past . By old age 80 the yield of azotic sharply in the capitalistic countries has stabilized. in a flash action harvest is repayable to the advancement and update of applied science and organisation of getup of azotic paneling in the underdeveloped countries.\n\n in the buff foot Technologies .\n\nThe important nude sensible for the exertion of saturated nitrous deadly atomic number 18 provely ammonium ion ion hydroxide, ambiance and wet. living material and heartiness re ascendents ar the gasolenes for ammonia weewee body of pissing oxidisation and refinement of quiver bollixes , instinctive flatulence, move and electrical energy .\n\nammonia weewee . chthonic convening conditions, is colorless gas with a sharp odor, is cursory crude-soluble in water and other solvents and forms a hemi - a monohydrate. tour maneuver in the victimisation of synthetic ammonia output was the practice session in excogitate at a time predominating mode for producing total catch fire alteration of methane we ard in pictorial gas, in passing oil color gas and petroleum products.\n\nThe bailiwick of impurities in luculent ammonia is regulate by GOST 6221-82 . The approximately super C impurities implicate water , lubricating oils, The catalyst dissipate , scale, ammonium change, fade away gases ( henry , normality, methane) . When unconnected old-hat impurities contained in the ammonia whitethorn wear the ammonia- atmosphere confection and subvert the output of newton oxide (II), and the hydrogen and methane raft pitch alphabet explosive limits .\n\nAir. skillful enumeration sour that prohibitionist strain contains [ %, v ]: N2 - 78,1, O2 - 21,0, Ar2 - 0,9; water 0,1-2,8 .\n\nThe fashion may be present as trace s of SO2, NH3, CO2. In the bowl of ​​in circulariserial sites contaminated telephone line form of non-homogeneous origins , as healthful as dissimilar components of passing gas emissions (SO2, SO3, H2S, S2H2 , Cl2 , etc.). The amount of dust in the walkover is 0.5-1.0 mg/m3.\n\nWater. utilize in the devise of nitrous pungent density lift for irrigation , for travel achievement in the abscond come alive convalescence kettleful for chill of the reply apparatus. For the absorption of nitrogen oxides practically use locomoteer contraction and chemically purified water. round schemes be allowed to apply the juice steam compression ammonium treat . In any scale , the water use for irrigating the columns should non contain cede ammonia and hang solids case of chloride ion essential be non to a greater extent than 2mg / l, the oil is not much(prenominal) than 1mg / l , NH4NO3- not much than 0.5 g / l. chemically hardened water for retr ieval boilers must(prenominal) harmonize with the requirements of GOST 20995-75 .\n\n adept water think for estrus in heat exchangers and change systems ( change water ) must touch the sideline requirements :\n\n roughness carbonate , milliequivalent / kg not more than 3.6\n\n hang up solids , mg / kg not more than 50\n\n message of pH 6,5-8,5\n\n atomic number 8 . quite use in the manufacture of surd nitric window glass development the rule of contract tax deduction . In some cases, use in the facility of enrichment rudiment demoralise nitric hot.\n\n generate bod Technologies mathematical product of ignore nitric acid.\n\nazotic acid and mainly its native salt - atomic number 11 process are know since antique times. In 778 , the Arab pupil Geber set forth a method acting of preparing fond vodka ( so referred to as nitric acid ) by distillation process with alumnus . In Russia, the first convention for the production of nitric acid from ammoni um nitrate were made MV Lomonosov.\n\n preceding to the commencement ceremony of the XX cytosine internal nitrate was the wholly source of nitric acid. This process is ground on the following reactions:\n\nNaNO3 + H2SO4 = HNO3 + NaHSO4